Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences1028-88801812-5735Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjbs.2007.4505.4509Leishmania infantum by Enzyme Polymorphism: A Cross Sectional Study in Northwest of Iran]]>GavganiA.S. MazloumiGhazanchaeiA. KarimiP. MohitH. DaviesC. R.1220071024In present study, All samples collected from Kalybar and Ahar districts in Northwest of Iran from 12 patients (bone marrow aspirates), 26 dogs (spleenic and hepatic aspirates) and more than 100 sand flies between years 2004-2006. All patients were clinically diagnosed to have visceral leishmaniasis. Serological profiles of all sera samples from both human and dogs were in accordance with leishmaniasis (DAT). Isoenzyme profiles of these isolates were compared with those of reference using 12 enzyme systems. L. infuntum MON-1 is the only zymodeme present in all samples of dogs, sand flies and human. The enzymatic polymorphism is compared to that of neighboring countries (Azarbaijan, Iraq and Turkey etc.) and we concluded that the Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) focus in northwest of Iran is evidently Mediterranean focus of zoonotic VL, which extends from Portugal and Morocco to Pakistan and the central Asian republics. Domestic doges act as the reservoir host, where Phlebotomus kandellakii and Perfiliewi ariasi are vectors.]]>Abranches, P., G.M. Santos-gomes and L. Campio,199370349355Alborzi, A., M. Rasouli and A. Shamsizadeh,200674306307Aljeboori, T.I. and D.A. Evans,1980Leishmania sp. in Iraq, electrophoretic isoenzyme pattern. 1. Visceral Leishmaniasis.]]>74:169177Ardehali, S., M. Sodeiphy and P. Haghighi,1980Lupoid leishmaniasis.]]>74439445Bardzhadze, G.B. and V.M. Saf'ianova,1999484144Belhadj, S., F. Pratlong, M. Hammami, K. Kallel, J.P. Dedet and E. Chaker,2003Leishmania infantum in the Sidi Bourouis focus: Epidemiological study and isoenzymatic characterization of the parasites.]]>828386Campino, L., F. Pratlong, P. Abranches, J.A. Rioux and G. Santos-Gomes et al.,2006Leishmania infantum based on the identification of 213 strains.]]>1117081714Cupolillo, E., G. Grimaldi and H. Momen,199450296311Edrissian, G.H.H.,1996Leishmaniasis in Iran and the Role of Serological Tests in Diagnosis and Epidemiological Studies.]]>1996pp: 63-78pp: 63-78Evans, D.A., S.M. Lanham, C.I. Baldwin and W. Peters,1984Leishmania braziliensis sp. from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis acquired in Belize.]]>783542Evans, D., D. Godfrey, S. Lanham, G. Lanotte, F. Modabber and L. Schnur,1989pp: 15-24pp: 15-24Gallego, M., F. Pratlong, R. Fisa, C. Riera, J.A. Rioux, J.P. Dedet and M. Portus,2001Leishmania infantum MON-77 in the Priorat (Catalonia, Spain) involves humans, dogs and sand flies: Also literature review of distribution and hosts of L. infantum zymodemes in the Old World.]]>95269271Gavgani, A.S.M., H. Mohite, G.H. Edrissian, M. Mohebali and C.O. Davies,2002Leishmania infantum.]]>67511515Gramiccia, M., L. Gradoni and M.C. Angelici,1989Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania infantum: Isoenzyme and Kdna Analysis for the Identification of Parasites from Man and Vector and Reservoirs.]]>1989pp: 21-37pp: 21-37Maltezou, H.C., C. Siafas, M. Mavrikou, P. Spyridis, C. Stavrinadis, T. Karpathios and D.A. Kafetzis,2000Leishmaniasis during childhood in Southern Greece.]]>3111391143Minodier, P., R. Piarroux, F. Gambarelli, C. Joblet and H. Dumon,1997Leishmaniasis.]]>3525512555Mohebali, M.,2001Leishmaniasis in the various parts of Iran.]]>565559Nadim, A. and M.A. Faghih,1968Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Isfahan province of Iran, I. The reservoir. II. The human disease.]]>62534543Nadim, A. and M.A. Seyedi-Rashti,19711499106Pratlong, F., J.P. Dedet, P. Marty, M. Portús and M. Deniau et al.,1995Leishmania infantum complex.]]>172323326Rioux, J.A., G. Lanotte, R. Maazoun and N. Pasteur,1985Leishmania Ross, 1903.]]>27141156Rioux, J.A. and G. Lanotte,1990Leishmania infantum as a cause of Cutaneous leishmaniasis.]]>84898898Rioux, J.A., G. Lanotte, E. Serres, F. Pratlong, P. Bastien and J. Perieres,1990Leishmania. Use of isoenzymes. Suggestions for a new classification.]]>65111125Sakru, N., M. Korkmaz, Y. Ozbel, H. Ertabaklar, M. Sengul and S.O. Toz,2007301318Sampali, B., B. Rahul, D. Ruma, D. Swadesh and S. Partha,1990Leishmania donovani.]]>226285289Shamsuzzaman, S.M., M. Furuya, C. Shamsuzzaman, M. Korenaga and Y. Hashiguchi,200049139145Tagi-zad, T.A., G.B. Gasanzade, V.M. Yanova, G.B. Miev and E.A. Gadzhibekova et al.,19891989Tibayrenc, M.,197917249256Yaari, A., C.L. Jaffe and B.Z. Garty,20044205208