International Journal of Zoological Research1811-97781811-9786Academic Journals Inc.10.3923/ijzr.2016.11.17Toxoplasma gondii Tachyzoites Crude Antigen of Different Origin]]>HassanSoad E. ToalebNagwa I. El ShanawanyEman E. ShaapanRaafat M. Abou-El-DobalSanaa K.A. Kotb ElmahllawyEhab 1-22016121-2In the present study, crude extract of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites were prepared from chicken local isolate and adopted for diagnosis of chicken toxoplasmosis by ELISA. The extract proved success in detection of Toxoplasma antibodies in 275 (78.12%) out of 352 examined free rang chicken serum samples. The important facet of the present study is adoption of crude chicken tachyzoites antigen in diagnosis of human toxoplasmosis, where it proved 100% sensitivity in the detection of Toxoplasma antibodies in all examined cases (61 samples) of human toxoplasmosis. Meanwhile, RH strain antigen, which used to be utilized in diagnosis of human toxoplasmosis, detected only 80% of chicken toxoplasmosis samples. By SDS-PAGE, chicken tachyzoites antigen resolved to 8 bands of molecular weights ranged from 30-116 kDa. Also, RH strain antigen revealed 10 bands with different molecular weights ranged from 23-166 kDa. The immunoreactive bands were detected by immunoblotting assay. One band of 116 kDa was detected in chicken antigen and 28 kDa in RH antigen by infected human sera. While, two bands with molecular weights 116 and 83 kDa and 116 and 30 kDa were detected in chicken tachyzoites and RH antigens, respectively using infected chicken sera. A band of 116 kDa was detected in chicken antigen using both sera, which is mainly responsible for diagnosis of chicken and human toxoplasmosis. In conclusion, chicken tachyzoites antigen based ELISA can be successfully utilized in diagnosis of chicken and human toxoplasmosis.]]>Barakat, A.M., L.M. Salem, A.M. El-Newishy, R.M. Shaapan and E.K. El-Mahllawy,201215821826Beghetto, E., A. Spadoni, L. Bruno, W. Buffolano and N. Gargano,2006Toxoplasma gondii: Toward standardization of toxoplasmosis serodiagnosis using recombinant products.]]>4421332140Dubey, J.P. and J.L. Jones,2008Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans and animals in the United States.]]>3812571278Dubey, J.P., J.E. Gomez-Marin, A. Bedoya, F. Lora and M.C.B. Vianna et al.,2005Toxoplasma gondii isolates in free-range chickens from Colombia, South America.]]>1346772Dubey, J.P., M.I. Bhaiyat, C. de Allie, C.N.L. Macpherson and R.N. Sharma et al.,2005Toxoplasma gondii from chickens in Grenada, West Indies.]]>91557560Dubey, J.P., L.T.T. Huong, B.W.L. Lawson, D.T. Subekti and P. Tassi et al.,2008Toxoplasma gondii from free-range chickens in Ghana, Indonesia, Italy, Poland and Vietnam.]]>946871Dubey, J.P., D.H. Graham, E. Dahl, M. Hilali and A. El-Ghaysh et al.,2003Toxoplasma gondii from chickens and ducks from Egypt.]]>1148995Dubey, J.P.,20102nd Edn.,Pages: 336Pages: 336Dubey, J.P.,2010Toxoplasma gondii infections in chickens (Gallus domesticus): Prevalence, clinical disease, diagnosis and public health significance.]]>576073El-Massry, A.A., O.A. Mahdy, A. El-Ghaysh and J.P. Dubey,2000Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sera of turkeys, chickens and ducks from Egypt.]]>86627628Ghazy, A.A., R.M. Shaapan and E.H. Abdel-Rahman,2007Toxoplasma gondii.]]>1453136Harfoush, M. and A.N. Tahoon,2010Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in domestic ducks, free-range chickens, turkeys and rabbits in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate Egypt.]]>40295302Hassan, S.E., R.M. Shaapan, A.A. Ghazy and E.H. Abdel-Rahman,20129630634Hassanain, M.A.H., E.H. Abdel-Rahman, N.I. Toaleb, R.M. Shaapan, H.A. Elfadaly and N.A.H. Hassanain,2013Toxoplasma gondii infections in mice.]]>8441448Johnson, A.M., P.J. McDonald and S.H. Neoh,1979Toxoplasma gondii (RH strain) in mice.]]>95556Laemmli, U.K.,1970227680685Lind, P., J. Haugegaard, A. Wingstrand and S.A. Henriksen,1997Toxoplasma gondii.]]>71115Lowry, O.H., N.J. Rosebrough, A.L. Farr and R.J. Randall,1951193265275Shaapan, R.M. and A.A. Ghazy,2007Toxoplasma gondii from horse meat in Egypt.]]>10174177Shaapan, R.M., F.A. El-Nawawi and M.A.A. Tawfik,2008Toxoplasma gondii infection in naturally infected sheep.]]>153359362Sharma, S.P. and J.P. Dubey,1981Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites and bradyzoites in pepsin and in trypsin solutions.]]>42128130Toaleb, N.I., R.M. Shaapan, S.E. Hassan and F.M. El-Moghazy,201386166Towbin, H., T. Staehelin and J. Gordon,19797643504354Waltman, W.D., D.W. Dreesen, M.D. Prickett, J.L. Blue and D.G. Oliver,19844517191725Wray, W., T. Boulikas, V.P. Wray and R. Hancock,1981118197203Xiao, J. and R.H. Yolken,2015Toxoplasma gondii infection on the outcome of human diseases.]]>213828845Zhao, G.H., M.T. Zhang, L.H. Lei, C.C. Shang and D.Y. Cao et al.,2011Toxoplasma gondii infection in dairy goats in Shaanxi province, Northwestern China.]]>2011