International Journal of Biological Chemistry1819-155x2152-2561Science International10.3923/ijbc.2017.9.16MansourAmr F. RamadanManal M. FekryReda M. SalemMarwa T. MohammadAyman A. AliMamdouh M. MohammedNoha S. 12017111Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the synergistic effect and the antioxidant activity of 6 methanolic extracts from different Egyptian spices as well as the cytotoxic effect of different blends on liver cancer cell line Hep-G2 using MTT assay. The identification of phenolics/flavonoids constituents of different blends from these extracts using direct analysis in real time DART mass spectrometry for the first time was another major interested goal for this study. Methodology: Based on DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays, the antioxidant activity for methanol extracts of 6 Egyptian spices (clove, cinnamon, thyme, basil, fennel and juniper) was evaluated. Additionally, total phenolic content and total flavonoids of the extracts were measured using Folin-Ciocalteu method and rutin. The identification of phenolics/flavonoids constituents of two different blends of these extracts was performed using direct analysis in real time DART mass spectrometry for the first time. The in vitro cytotoxicity was assessed against liver human cancer cell line (Hep G-2) using MTT assay for two blends compared with reference drug, 5-flurouracil. Results: Clove, cinnamon and thyme methanol extracts were showed potential antioxidant activity as well as the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents among the tested extracts, hence used in order to evaluate the possible synergistic interactions on anticancer and antioxidant efficacy of these extracts in combination. Clove/cinnamon combination showed synergistic interaction in both anticancer (IC50 72.6 μg mL1) and antioxidant (CI 0.87) activities, while clove/cinnamon/thyme had antagonistic effect. Identification of the bioactive compounds of the examined extracts combination was performed using DART-MS. Phenolic constituents e.g., catechol, pyrogallol, eugenol, linalool, caffeic and ferulic acids were identified in both combination, however, flavonoids e.g., galangin, quercetin and apeginin were detected only in clove/cinnamon combination which may correlated to its synergistic effect as well as the nature of the phenolic constituents therein. Conclusion: The combining methanol extracts of clove/cinnamon (blend 1) displayed stronger cytotoxic effect on liver cancer cell line Hep-G2 and a synergistic antioxidant effect in comparison to clove/cinnamon/thyme (blend 2) and may represent a novel therapeutic blend for cancer treatment.]]>Hemalatha, R., P. Nivetha, C. Mohanapriya, G. Sharmila, C. Muthukumaran and M. Gopinath,2016in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial potential of clove flower bud (Eugenia caryophyllus) methanolic extract.]]>5311891198Jemal, A., F. Bray, M.M. Center, J. Ferlay, E. Ward and D. Forman,2011616990Wyld, L. and M. Reed,20074322532263Newman, D.J., G.M. Cragg and K.M. Snader,20036610221037Huang, X.H., P.C. Xiong, C.M. Xiong, Y.L. Cai and A.H. Wei et al.,2010In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of Macrothelypteris torresiana and its acute/subacute oral toxicity.]]>17930934Spiridonov, N.A., D.A. Konovalov and V.V. Arkhipov,200519428432Middleton, Jr. E., C. Kandaswami and T.C. Theoharides,200052673751Singh, R.S.G., P.S. Negi and C. Radha,2013Moringa oleifera seed flour.]]>518831891Wong, P.Y.Y. and D.D. Kitts,2006Petroselinum crispum) and cilantro (Coriandrum sativum) extracts.]]>97505515Wellwood, C.R. and R.A. Cole,2004Rosmarinus officinalis (L.), accessions for optimization of antioxidant yield.]]>5261016107Dragland, S., H. Senoo, K. Wake, K. Holte and R. Blomhoff,200313312861290Shan, B., Y.Z. Cai, M. Sun and H. Corke,20055377497759Goli, A.H., M. Barzegar and M.A. Sahari,2005Pistachia vera) hull extracts.]]>92521525Bassole, I.H.N. and H.R. Juliani,20121739894006Bag, A. and R.R. Chattopadhyay,20152015Kpegba, K., A. Agbonon, A.G. Petrovic, E. Amouzou, M. Gbeassor, G. Proni and N. Nesnas,2010Cassia sieberiana: Detection by DART mass spectrometry, spectroscopic characterization and antioxidant properties.]]>74455459Rajeswari, G., M. Murugan and V.R. Mohan, 2012Hugonia mystax L. (Linaceae).]]>3301308Zilic, S., A. Serpen, G. Akıllıoglu, M. Jankovic and V. Gokmen,201256652658Thaipong, K., U. Boonprakob, K. Crosby, L. Cisneros-Zevallos and D.H. Byrne,200619669675Arnao, M.B., A. Cano and M. Acosta,200173239244Benzie, I.F.F. and J.J. Strain,19962397076Chou, T.C., R.J. Motzer, Y. Tong and G.J. Bosl,19948615171524Romero, D., M. Gomez-Zapata, A. Luna and A.J. Garcia-Fernandez,200317293299Mosmann, T.,1983655563Wang, H., G.J. Provan and K. Helliwell,200487307311Nandam, S.S., D.V.S. Prakash and M. Vangalapati,20121183185Bhuiyan, M.N.I., J. Begum, N.C. Nandi and F. Akter,2010Syzigium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston).]]>4451454Edziri, H.L., M.A. Smach, S. Ammar, M.A. Mahjoub, Z. Mighri, M. Aouni and M. Mastouri,2011Lactuca sativa extracts.]]>3411821185Miliauskas, G., P.R. Venskutonis and T.A. van Beek,200485231237Abdelfadel, M.M., H.H. Khalaf, A.M. Sharoba and M.T.M. Assous,20161114Heim, K.E., A.R. Tagliaferro and D.J. Bobilya,200213572584Abo El-Maati, M.F., S.M. Labib, A.M.A. Al-Gaby and M.F. Ramadan,201239113Giada, M.D.L.R.,20132013pp: 87-112pp: 87-112Khalaf, H.H., A.M. Sharoba, R.A. El Sadani, F.M. El Nashaby and A.S.M. Elshiemy,2014Lycopersicon esculentum L.) pomace.]]>5247263Krishnakumar, G., K.B. Rameshkumar, P. Srinivas, K. Satheeshkumar and P.N. Krishnan,2012Ophiorrhiza prostrata D. Don and Ophiorrhiza mungos L.]]>2S727S731Singh, V., A.K. Gupta, S.P. Singh and A. Kumar,2012Cinnamomum tamala Nees and Eberm genotypes.]]>2012De Azeredo, G.A., T.L.M. Stamford, P.C. Nunes, N.J.G. Neto, M.E.G. de Oliveira and E.L. de Souza,2011Origanum vulgare L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. to inhibit bacteria and autochthonous microflora associated with minimally processed vegetables.]]>4415411548Goni, P., P. Lopez, C. Sanchez, R. Gomez-Lus, R. Becerril and C. Nerin,2009116982989Cortes-Rojas, D.F., C.R.F. de Souza and W.P. Oliveira,2014Syzygium aromaticum): A precious spice.]]>49096Rao, P.V. and S.H. Gan,20142014Fecka, I. and S. Turek,200810810391053Lu, Y.F., X.L. Wan, Y. Xu and J. Liu,20131830603071Prasad, S., V.R. Yadav, B. Sung, S. Reuter and R. Kannappan et al.,20121849424953Wei, J., H. Liu, M. Liu, N. Wu and J. Zhao et al.,20122813391345Hirano, T., M. Gotoh and K. Oka,19945510611069Ramos, S.,200718427442Havsteen, B.H.,20029667202Yin, F., A.E. Giuliano and A.J. van Herle,19999369376Tatsuta, M., H. Iishi, M. Baba, H. Yano, K. Murata, M. Mukai and H. Akedo,200018657662Chahar, M.K., N. Sharma, M.P. Dobhal and Y.C. Joshi,20115112