American Journal of Food Technology1557-45711557-458XAcademic Journals Inc.10.3923/ajft.2008.361.3723 in Exercise-Induced Apoptosis of Rat Skeletal Muscle]]>KumarVijay MukhopadhyaySutapa Singh BediPreetmohinder SinghGurfateh BalakumarPitchai 6200836The present study has been designed to investigate the
possible modulating role of vitamin D3 on chronic exercise-induced
apoptosis in skeletal (gastrocnemius) muscle of rats. Rats were run for
8 weeks on a treadmill at a speed of 36 m min-1 to induce apoptosis
in their skeletal muscle. Vitamin D3 (0.03 μg/100 g and
0.06 μg/100 g, s.c.) treatment, thrice weekly, was started three
days prior to subjecting the animals to chronic exercise and was continued
for 8 weeks of the experimental protocol. Oxidative stress was assessed
by measuring the levels of TBARS, super oxide anion generation and reduced
glutathione in gastrocnemius muscle. Further, serum level of corticosterone
(glucocorticoid), a potent indicator of stress, was measured. Moreover,
the apoptotic cell death was assessed using DNA gel electrophoresis. Chronic
treadmill exercise produced profound DNA smearing. The levels of TBARS,
super oxide anion generation and serum corticosterone were noted to be
increased and the level of GSH was noted to be decreased in rats subjected
to chronic treadmill exercise. However, treatment with vitamin D3
markedly reduced DNA smearing. Moreover, the chronic exercise-induced
increases in TBARS level, superoxide anion generation and corticosterone
levels were significantly attenuated by treatment with vitamin D3.
In addition, vitamin D3 markedly increased the exercise-induced
decrease in GSH level. It suggests that antioxidant potential of vitamin
D3 and its novel efficacy in modulating exercise-induced corticosterone
levels in rats may contribute to its anti-apoptotic effect.]]>Ameisen, J.C., 20029367393Bejma, J. and L.L. Ji, 199987465470Bejma, J., P. Ramires and L.L. Ji, 2000169343351Beutler, E., O. Duron and B.M. Kelly,196361882888Burkle, A., 200123795806Cantorna, M.T., C.E. Hayes and H.F. DeLuca, 19981286872Cantorna, M.T., Y. Zhu, M. Froicu and A. Wittke,2004801717S1720SCarlson, J.C. and M. Sawada, 199520280288Chatterjee, M.,20014756987DeHaes, P., M. Garmyn, H. Degreef, K. Vantieghem, R. Bouillon and S. Segaert, 200389663673DeLuca, H.F.,19743322112219Diker-Cohen, T., R. Koren, U.A. Liberman and A. Ravid, 20031010350353Duque, G., K.E. Abdaimi, J.E. Henderson, A. Lomri and R. Kremer,2004355764Geske, F.J. and L.E. Gerschenson,20013210291038Gold, R., M. Schmied, G. Giegerich, H. Breitscopf, H.P. Hartung, K.V. Tokya and H. Lassman, 1994in situ tailing and nick translation. ]]>71219225Green, D.R. and J.C. Reed,199828113091312Hanada, K., D., H. Nakano, and I. Hashimoto, 19959203208Hetts, S.W.,1998279300307Holick, M.F.,200479362371Katyare, S.S., S. Balasubramanian and D.V. Parmar,2003183241248Kitagawa, S., Y. Yamaguchi, M. Kunitomo, N. Imaizumi and M. Fujiwara,199259339347Manggau, M., D.S. Kim, L. Ruwisch, R. Vogler, H.C. Korting and M. Schafer-Korting 200111712411249Meister, A.,19882631720517208Morimoto, S., T. Onishi, S. Imanaka, H. Yukawa, T. Kozuka, Y. Kitano, K. Yoshikawa and Y. Kumahara,19863 for psoriasis: Report of five cases.]]>38119124Mukhopadhyay, S., M. Singh and M. Chatterjee,20003 as a modulator of cellular antioxidant defense in murine lymphoma.]]>2091102Narvaez, C.J. and J. Welsh,200127691019107Nunes, V.A., A.J. Gozzo, M.A. Juliano, M.C. Cesar, M.U. Sampaio, C.A. Sampaio and M.S. Araujo,20033610471053Obradovic, D., H. Gronemeyer, B. Lutz and T. Rein,200696500509Ohkawa, H., N. Ohishi and K. Yagi,197995351358Park, W.H., J.G. Seol, E.S. Kim, J.M. Hyun, C.W. Jung, C.C. Lee, L. Binderup, H.P. Koeffler, B.K. Kim and Y.Y. Lee,20003 analogue EB1089 in NCIH929 myeloma cells via activation of caspase-3 and p38 MAP kinase.]]>109576583Phaneuf, S. and C. Leeuwenburgh,200133393396Pollack, M. and C. Leeuwenburgh,200156B475B482Ravid, A. and R. Koren,2003164357367Ravid, A., E. Rubinstein, A. Gamady, C. Rotem and U.A. Liberman,2002173525532Reid, M.B., T. Shoji, M.R. Moody and M.L. Entman,19927318051809Riachy, R., B. Vandewalle, J. Kerr-Conte, E. Moerman, P. Sacchetti, B. Lukowiak, V. Gmyr, T. Bouckenooghe, M. Dubois and F. Pattou,20023 protects RINm5F and human islets cells against cytokine-induced apoptosis: Implication of the antiapoptotic protein A20.]]>14348094819Ross, D., K. Norbeck and P. Moldeus,19852601502815032Sandri, M., U. Carraro, M. Podhorska-Okolov, C. Rizzi, P. Arslan, D. Monti and C. Franceschi,1995373291295Sardar, S., A. Chakraborty and M. Chatterjee,19963 and dietary vitamin E on peroxidation of lipids and enzymes of the hepatic antioxidant system in Sprague-Dawley rats.]]>663945Sarkar, A., B. Mukherjee, M.P. Rana and M. Chatterjee,199412477483Sauer, B., H. Gonska, M. Manggau, D.S. Kim, C. Schraut, M. Schafer-Korting and B. Kleuser,200560298304Sauer, B., L. Ruwisch and B. Kleuser,20033 in primary human melanocytes.]]>13339347Schultz, D.R. and W.J. Harrington,200332345369Silber, R.H., R.D. Busch and R. Oslapas,19584278285Sjodin, B., Y. Hellsten-Westing and F.S. Apple,199010236254Steller, H.,199526714451449Studzinski, G.P., J.A. McLane and M.R. Uskokovic,19933279312Taniike, M., O. Yamaguchi, I. Tsujimoto, S. Hikoso and T. Takeda et al.,2008117545552Uhlig, S. and A. Wendel,19925110831094Wang, H.D., P.J. Pagano, Y. Du, A.J. Cayatte, M.T Quinn, P. Brecher and R.A. Cohen,199882810818Wang, S.H., R.J. Koenig, T.J. Giordano, A. Myc, N.W. Thompson and J.R. Baker Jr,199914016491656Wyllie, A.H.,1980284555556Yuan, J., G.A. Murrell, A. Trickett and M.X. Wang,200316413541Zhang, X., P. Li, J. Bao, S.V. Nicosia, H. Wang and S.A. Enkemann,20053 revealed by microarray analysis.]]>2803545835468