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Articles by A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan
Total Records ( 12 ) for A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan
  M. Touhidul Islam , A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan , S.M. Abdul Bari and A.K.M. Golam Sarwar
  Anatomical investigation has been made on the hypocotyl of country bean (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) at different stages of growth following the standard paraffin method of microtechnique. The basal part of the hypocotyl is root-like in structure while the middle and upper parts are stem-like. The transition of vascular tissues occurs in the basal part of the hypocotyl. The vascular bundles are collateral in arrangement in the middle and upper parts and radial in the basal part. There are two types of vascular bundles, small and large in the middle and upper parts. There are 1-2 small vascular bundles in between two large bundles. The large vascular bundle contains xylem and phloem but small bundle may or may not contain both xylem and phloem. There are several poles of primary phloem outside the primary xylem. In the basal part of the hypocotyl there are 4 strands of xylem alternating with phloem zones. Each xylem strand is divided into 2 xylem poles which are either connected or separated. There are several poles of phloem in the phloem region in between 2 xylem strands. The vessels in the xylem strands are found to be radially arranged as seen in the basal part of the hypocotyl. Lots of tanniniferous cells with or without content have been found in the primary phloem region. The pericycle is discontinuous. Two adjacent groups of sclerenchyma are connected by one or two layers of sclerenchyma cells. Sometimes 1-2 vascular bundles, either large or small, contain a single band of sclerenchyma on their abaxial sides. The cambium appears and becomes active in the fascicular region earlier than the interfascicular region. The cambium appears in the basal part of the hypocotyl of 4 days old seedling. Gradually it extends towards the upper part. The cambium forms a ring in the basal part of the hypocotyl of 7 days old seedling. The epidermis, cortex and pith resemble a typical dicotyledonous plant. The phellogen appears in the cortex and gives rise to cork and phelloderm. A well developed periderm is formed in the hypocotyl of mature plant.
  Abu Reza Md. Mahfuzur Rahman , M. Obaidul Islam , A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan and Syoichi Ichihashi
  Doritaenopsis callus utilized sucrose, maltose and sorbitol as energy sources for the growth and development, where each carbohydrate elicited a different response. Calli on sucrose supplemented New Phalaenopsis (NP) medium grew well and remained friable, bright yellow and translucent, similar to source calli, but turned green and produced Protocorm Like Bodies (PLBs) on maltose and sorbitol supplemented media. Sucrose supplemented medium was the best for callus growth over maltose and sorbitol. The initiation of PLBs from calli on maltose medium was the highest followed by sorbitol medium while the sucrose medium did not produce PLB. Sorbitol affected most intensively plantlet regeneration from PLBs over maltose and sucrose. However, maltose supplemented medium markedly enhanced the subsequent growth and development of regenerated mini plantlets over sorbitol and sucrose media.
  M. Touhidul Islam , A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan and A.K.M. Golam Sarwar
  Anatomical investigation has been made on the root of country bean (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) at different stages of growth following the standard paraffin method of microtechnique. The root is tetrarch with 4 strands of xylem and 4 strands of phloem. One strand of xylem alternates with one strand of phloem. The four opposite strands of the primary xylem meet at the centre. Ultimately the centre is filled up with big metaxylem vessels. Most of the vessels in the mature root are solitary while the others are paired or multiple. The epidermis is single layered with root hairs and glandular trichomes. The epidermis is ruptured here and there and the epidermal cells are disorganized due to the stress of secondary growth. Soon after the disorganization of the epidermal cells the phellogen appears in the cortex. The cortex resembles a typical dicotyledonous plant excepting the endodermis, which is poorly developed. The cambium appears in the basal part of 4 days old root. In mature root, the fibre cells are arranged in groups. The fibre groups are radially arranged in such a way that the structure seems to be a pyramid. Adaxial to the phloem region, tanniniferous cells have been found. The protophloem sieve tubes are accompanied by hyperchromatic phloem parenchyma without any companion cell. The well-developed periderm has been found in the root of country bean.
  Shahanara Begum , Md. Azharul Islam and A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan
  The anatomical investigation of the rachis has been made on the basis of flower removal. Two different types of rachis have been investigated. One type of rachis is normal (control) which develops naturally up to maturity and another type is deflowered (treated) where flowers and buds have been removed from the basal 3 nodes and then allows the rachis to develop naturally up to maturity. After removal of flowers and buds, pods are found to be set in 4-6 nodes of the same rachis. The internal structure of rachis is more or less similar to that of the stem. Epidermis bears multicellular hairs and glandular trichomes. The vascular tissue decreases gradually from base upward. The vascular tissue become highly developed in the deflowered rachis. The cambium is highly active on its adaxial side and produces a large amount of secondary xylem adaxially and well developed sieve tube elements abaxially. Some large vessels are formed in the abaxial region of the xylem. In the middle and upper parts of the deflowered rachis, the radial dimension of xylem is several times higher than the corresponding part of the normal rachis. The vascular tissue is poorly developed in the apical part of the normal rachis. The xylem is mainly composed of fibre cells with ray parenchyma which is uniseriate or multiseriate. Pericycle is discontinuous at the basal part and gradually it forms a more or less continuous ring towards the apical part around the vascular cylinder. Tanniniferous cells are more in the normal rachis compared to that of the deflowered rachis.
  A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan , M.L. Rahman and M.A. Haque
  The plant height was studied in Corchorus capsularis (cultivars D-154 and CVL-1) and Corchorus olitorius (cultivars O-4 and R-26) grown under various water regimes. The cultivars were grown under constant drought, constant saturation, alternate saturation and drought and different levels of standing water (5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm) conditions. The cultivar O-4 had been found to be tolerant to drought but susceptible to waterlogging condition, particularly at the young stage. On the tolerance of submersion, the test cultivars could be placed as D-154 > CVL-1 > R-26 > O-4. The plants of CVL-1 became shorter than that of the O-4 in constant drought. On the contrary, the plants of O-4 and R-26 became shorter than that of the CVL-1 and D-154 in standing water conditions. The plants of O-4 and R-26 died earlier when they were exposed to standing water condition in young stage compared to those of the CVL-1 and D-154. It appears that the plant height is highly affected by constant drought in case of Corchorus capsularis and by standing water in case of Corchorus olitorius. The stressed plants of all the cultivars are shorter than their corresponding control plants.
  A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan , M.L. Rahman and M.A. Haque
  The plant base diameter was studied in Corchorus capsularis L. (cv. CVL-1 and D-154) and Corchorus olitorius L. (cv. O-4 and R-26) grown under constant drought, constant saturation, alternate saturation and drought, and different levels of standing water (5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm) conditions. The cultivar O-4 had been found to be tolerant to drought but susceptible to waterlogging condition, particularly at the young stage of growth. On the descending order of base diameter and tolerance of submersion, the test cultivars could be placed as CVL-1 > D-154 > R-26 > O-4. The base diameter of CVL-1 plants decreased in constant drought condition as compared to that of O-4 plants. At the age of 90 days, the decrease in base diameter in CVL-1 plants was doubled compared to that of O-4 plants. On the contrary, the base diameter of O-4 and R-26 plants decreased in standing water condition compared to that of CVL-1 and D-154 plants. The CVL-1 plants died earlier in constant drought. The O-4 and R-26 plants died earlier in standing water condition compared to CVL-1 and D-154 plants. It appeared that the base diameter highly affected by standing water in case of Corchorus olitorius and by constant drought in case of Corchorus capsularis. The base diameter of all the stressed plants decreased in comparison with those of control plants.
  A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan and S.M. Abdul Bari
  Anatomical investigation has been made on the root of lignosus bean (Dipogon lignosus (L.) Verdc.) at different stages of growth following the standard paraffin method of micro technique. The primary root is tetrarch with 4 strands each of xylem and phloem that alternate with one another. Metaxylem and metaphloem follow protoxylem and protophloem respectively in their courses of differentiation. The four opposite strands of primary xylem meet at the center. Subsequently, metaxylem forms near the center on either side of the xylem strands. The epidermis is single layered with large number of root hair and glandular trichomes. There are 6-12 layers of cortical cells beneath the epidermis. The adaxial layers (radially 4-6 cells) of the cortex around the stele are hyperchromatic in nature. The hyperchromaticity is higher in the cells abaxial to xylem poles. The cambium appears in the upper part of the root and extends towards the root apex. The sclerenchymatous band abaxial to phloem is discontinuous. The vessels are more or less round, oval or polygonal in shape with prominent secondary thickening. The phellogen appears in the cortex, 3-4 layers beneath the epidermis. It produces 3-5 layers of cork cells abaxially and 2-3 layers of phelloderm adaxially
  S.M. Abdul Bari and A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan
  Anatomical investigation has been made on the stem of lignosus bean (Dipogon lignosus (L.) Verde.) at different stages of growth. The epidermis is single layered consisting of small and large cells. The epidermis bears multicellular hair and glandular trichomes. Beneath the epidermis there are 5-6 layers of cortical cells in the stem. The primary vascular tissue appears after the elongation of the first internode of the stem of lignosus bean. The internode between cotyledonary node and first leaf is considered as the first internode of the stem. The vascular bundles are collateral and arranged in a ring. The secretory cells devoid of tanniniferous contents have been observed in the phloem region of the younger stem but not in older ones. The cambium initiates in the primary vascular bundle between xylem and phloem at the basal part of the stem of 7 days old plant. The cambium is at first confined to the fascicular region. Subsequently it extends into the interfascicular region forming a complete cambial ring. After the formation of fascicular cambium it gives rise to secondary xylem adaxially and secondary phloem abaxially. Some vessel members are paired while the others are solitary. Most of the paired vessels are radially arranged. The paired vessel members are more in number in the mature stem compared to that of the younger stem. The parenchyma covers the major area of the secondary xylem. The sclerenchymatous band abaxial to all large and small vascular bundles is discontinuous. The pith resembles a typical dicotyledonous stem. The phellogen appears in the deeper cortex and gives rise to 4-5 layers of cork cells abaxially and 3-4 layers of phelloderm adaxially
  S.M. Abdul Bari and A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan
  Anatomical investigation has been made on the rachis of the inflorescence of lignosus bean {Dipogon lignosus (L.) Verde.) following the standard paraffin method of micro technique. The epidermis of the rachis is single layered with multicellular hair and glandular trichomes. Beneath the epidermis there are 3-6 layers of cortical cells. The pericycle (sclerenchymatous band) forms a discontinuous ring outside the vascular bundles. The vascular bundles are collateral and arranged in a ring. The amount and size of vascular tissues gradually decrease from base to upper part of the rachis. Tanniniferous cells have been observed in the primary phloem region. A complete cambial ring has been found at the basal part of the rachis. The secondary growth is restricted more or less to the lower half of the rachis. In a particular point of the apical region of rachis the secondary growth is almost nil. Some undifferentiated or partially differentiated tracheary and sieve elements fail to mature in upper part of the rachis where the phloem is mostly composed of large parenchymatous cells. There are lots of fibre cells in xylem area. Rays are radially elongated, uniseriate and multiseriate. The pith increases from base upward. The radial length of the rachis gradually decreases towards the apex. It may be concluded that the reduction of phloem tissues in the upper part of the rachis probably allows translocation of insufficient photosynthate, which perhaps contributes shedding of buds, flowers and pods
  M. Mofazzel Hossain , M. Shahjahan , A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan , M. Sirajul Islam and M. A. Begum
  Resistance or susceptibility of brinjal varieties/lines to shoot and fruit borer seems to be related with some anatomical characters. Varieties/lines having thick cuticle, broad and thick collenchymatous area (hypodermis), compact parenchyma cells in the cortical tissue, small area in the cortical tissues, more vascular bundles with narrower spaces in the interfascicular region, and compact arrangement of vascular tissue with lignified cells and small pith were the main characters of resistant/tolerant varieties. On the other hand, thinner cuticle and collenchymatous area (hypodermis), loose parenchyma cells in the cortical region, larger spaces between vascular bundles i.e., interfascicular region and large pith, less number of trichomes, soft parenchymatous cells in the interfascicular region, might be responsible for the susceptibility to brinjal shoot and fruit borer.
  Shahanara Begum and A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan
  Anatomical investigation has been made on the root of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) at different stages of growth following the standard paraffin method of microtechnique. The root of pigeonpea is tetrarch with 4 strands of xylem and 4 strands of phloem. One strand of xylem alternates with one strand of phloem. The four opposite strands of primary xylem meet at the centre. Subsequently metaxylem forms near the centre on either side of the xylem strand. Ultimately the centre is filled up with big metaxylem vessels. The epidermis is single layered with root hairs and glandular trichomes. There are 8-13 layers of cortical cells in the root of pigeonpea. The cambium appears in the basal part of the root of 3-4 days old plant. Gradually it extends towards the root apex. The activity of cambium is similar to that of woody dicotyledonous herb. In the mature root, most of the vessels in the secondary xylem are solitary while the others are paired or multiple. The fibre cells in the phloem are arranged in groups. The fibre groups are radially arranged in such a way that the structure seems to be a pyramid. The epidermis is ruptured here and there, and the epidermal cells are disorganized due to the stress of secondary growth. Periderm is formed in the root one after another as the root increases in diameter.
  M. Touhidul Islam , A.K.M. Azad-ud-doula Prodhan , S.M. Abdul Bari and M. Obaidul Islam
  Anatomical investigation has been made on the stem of country bean (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) at different stages of growth following the standard paraffin method of microtechnique. The epidermis is single layered with multicellular hairs and glandular trichomes. Beneath the epidermis there are 5-10 layers of cortical cells. The primary vascular tissue appears after the elongation of the first internode of the stem. The vascular bundles are collateral and arranged in a ring. There are two types of vascular bundles, large and small. There are one or more small vascular bundles in between two large bundles. The large vascular bundle contains xylem and phloem but small bundle may or may not contain both xylem and phloem. There are several poles of primary phloem outside the primary xylem. The pericycle is discontinuous. Two adjacent groups of sclerenchyma are connected by one or two layers of sclerenchymatous cells. The cambium initiates in the primary vascular bundle between xylem and phloem at the basal part of the stem of 4 days old plant. Gradually it extends towards the upper part. The cambium is at first confined to the fascicular region. Subsequently it extends into the interfascicular region forming a complete cambial ring. After the formation of the fascicular cambium it gives rise to the secondary xylem adaxially and secondary phloem abaxially. In the mature stem, most of the vessels are multiple, some are paired while the others are solitary. Most of the fibre cells in the phloem region are found in groups. The fibre cells are arranged in such a way that the structure looks like a pyramid. Tannin cells are present in the phloem region of younger and mature stem. The secretory cells devoid of tanniniferous contents have been observed in the secondary phloem region of the mature stem. The phellogen appears in the deeper cortex and produces periderm with lenticel. The periderm consists of 3-5 layers of cork cells abaxially and 2-3 layers of phelloderm adaxially.
 
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