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A comparative study on productive and reproductive performance of crossbred and indigenous cows under the small holder dairying condition was conducted in Gaibandha district of Bangladesh. A sample of 96 dairy cows were selected randomly; of which 49 were crossbred cows and the other 47 were indigenous dairy cows from 50 small dairy farms. The productive performance (milk yield and lactation period) of crossbred cows were significantly (P=0.01) higher than the indigenous dairy cows. Post partum heat period, calving to first service and dry period of the indigenous cows were lower (but not significantly) than crossbred cows. But service per conception and calving interval of indigenous cows were significantly (P=0.01) lower than the crossbred cows. The cost benefit ratio of raising crossbred and indigenous dairy cows were 1:1.13 and 1:1.02 respectively. Although, reproductive performance of crossbred cows were better than indigenous cows but considering the other traits it may be concluded that the raising of crossbred cows were more economic than the raising of indigenous dairy cows.
