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by
J. Kadir |
Total Records (
5 ) for
J. Kadir |
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M.A. Rahman
,
J. Kadir
,
T.M.M. Mahmud
,
R. Abdul Rahman
and
M.M. Begum
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Of the 27 antagonistic bacteria isolated from the fructosphere of papaya and screened by dual and concomitant test, four isolates of bacteria (B23, B19, B04 and B15) had high antagonistic activities against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides of papaya. Using the Biolog system, isolates B23 and B19 were identified as Burkholderia cepacia and B04 and B15 as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Both B. cepacia and P. aeruginosa strongly inhibited the fungal growth by an average of 74.13 and 68.45%, respectively during in vitro screening on PDA medium. The bacteria also produced volatile as well as diffusible substances. Malformation of hyphae occurred in the presence of both bacteria. Hyphae were thickened, vacuolar and many swellings occurred in them or at the tips of hyphal strand. However, B. cepacia was found most efficacious biocontrol agent in this study. Total inhibition (100%) in spore germination was noted in presence of B. cepacia at 24 h after treatment. Filter sterilized culture filtrate of B. cepacia also significantly inhibited the mycelial growth (59.2%) and spore germination (100%) of the test fungus, thus suggesting that an antibiotic substance (s) may be produced by the bacterium. Therefore, in vitro activities of the B. cepacia against C. gloeosporioides of papaya in this study suggested that the bacterium can be an effective biological control agent. |
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M.M. Tahat
,
S. Kamaruzaman
,
O. Radziah
,
J. Kadir
and
H.N. Masdek
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The ability of endomycorrhizal fungi to colonize tomato
(Lycopersicum esculentum. Mill) roots, was studied under glasshouse
conditions. Two indigenous species; Glomus mosseae and Scutellospora
sp. and non-indigenous species Gigaspora margarita were
used in the study. Pot culture technique was used for re-culturing
G. mosseae and Scutellospora sp., sorghum was used as a trap
host. Gigaspora margarita was re-cultured by test tube technique.
All species had the ability to colonize tomato root with different colonization
levels. Significantly higher root were colonized by G. mosseae
(80%) compared to G. margarita (20%). A G. mosseae significantly
increased shoot dry weight (2.82 g) and flowers number (32.75 g) and root
growth. Tomato plants treated by G. mosseae were higher significantly
after seven week of plant growth. The colonization of tomato root by G.
mosseae lead to bigger root size and more branching which increase
positively the number of root tips, length, surface area and root volume.
Higher spores (455/100 g) were counted in Glomus mosseae inoculated
plant compared to Scutellospora sp. (250/100 g) and G. margarita
plant (132/100 g). |
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M.M. Tahat
,
S. Kamaruzaman
,
O. Radziah
,
J. Kadir
and
H.N. Masdek
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The study aimed to select plant host for multiplication
of Glomus mosseae spores. Five plant species were used [(corn,
(Zea mays) sorghum, (Sorghum bicolor) lentil, (Lens culinaris),
barley, (Hordeum vulgare) and green bean, (Phaseolus vulgaris)].
Plants were inoculated with Glomus mosseae and grown for 75 days
under glasshouse conditions. Mycorrhizal sporulation and colonization
of all plant hosts were assessed at different sampling periods. At 75
days of growth the highest number of Glomus mosseae spores was
found in mycorrhizosphere of corn plant (167 spore/10 g soil), while the
lowest in the mycorrhizosphere of barley (35 spore/10 g soil). The highest
percentage of root colonization was in corn (76%), while the lowest colonization
was found in green bean (24%). Corn was the most suitable host for spore
production of Glomus mosseae and to extensive root colonization.
It was recorded that plants having more colonization percentage were able
to produce more Glomus mosseae spores. The study indicated that
different plant species significantly influenced the root spore production
and root colonization percentage of Glomus mosseae. |
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H. Alloub
,
A.S. Juraimi
,
J. Kadir
,
S. Sastroutomo
and
M. Begum
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The experiments were conducted to evaluate the potential of the Exserohilum prolatum as a mycoherbicide for the itchgrass (Rottboellia cochinchinensis) control under natural conditions in two field experiments in a non crop situation and in association with a maize crop. Three doses were (single, double and triple) applied to the main plots with 2 week intervals. The sub-plot treatments were distilled water solution (check), the Exserohilum prolatum conidial concentration of 2x107, 2x108 and 2x109 conidial mL-1 or glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine) herbicide as control check. Disease severity was rated at 5 day intervals after application and the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated for each treatment. The above ground parts of the itchgrass and maize were recorded at the end of the experiment. The results showed that application frequency and inoculum concentration greatly influence the itchgrass control. Significantly higher percentage control of the itchgrass were recorded from triple application frequencies (90.4%) compared to single (62.4%) and double (70.4%) applications. Within the three frequencies of application, increasing inoculum concentration increased the itchgrass control from between 53 to 90.4% compared to untreated check. The results indicate that the E. prolatum has a good potential as a biocontrol agent for the itchgrass. |
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M.M. Tahat
,
O. Radziah
,
S. Kamaruzaman
,
J. Kadir
and
N.H. Masdek
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A pot study was aimed to investigate the role of tomato
in determining differential response to bacterial wilt causal agent
Ralstonia solanacearum pathogen and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)
Glomus mosseae. Disease severity was measured after 10, 20 and
30 days of plant growth. The pathogen and dual treatment (R. solanacearum
with G. mosseae) were not significantly different at the end of
this experiment. Soil pH was greatly influencing the pathogen and AMF
microbe. Glomus mosseae mycorrhizosphere was more alkaline (pH
5.9) compared to the pathogen mycorrhizosphere (pH 4.9). The concentration
of bacterial cell in the R. solancearum soil was not different
from the dual treatment after 60 days of plant growth. Spore germination
was influenced by the interaction between the soil pathogen and AMF. Spores
number in the dual treatment at 60 days was less than the original number
added. Root colonization percentage in G. mosseae (61%) was significantly
more than the dual treatment (16%). This provide an evidence about the
role of plant host in increasing the spores germination influenced by
many substances produced by the host root (root exudates). The results
demonstrated that the role of plant in determination the relationship
between soil-borne pathogen and antagonistic microbe was critical. |
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