Abstract:
Eleven corn samples (9.2%) out of 120 tested proved
to be toxic. Aflatoxins B1 and B2 were detected
in (2 samples, 9.1-13.9 μg kg-1 corn), aflatoxins B1,
B2, G1 and G2 (4 samples, 7.6-16.4),
T-2 toxin (3 samples, 8.4-10.2), diacetoxyscirpenol (5 samples,
6.2-9.5) and zearalenone, (5 samples, 6.8-7.9). A. flavus, A.
parasiticus and A. flavo-furcatis were the most prevalent
Aspergillus species on 6 aflatoxins-contaminated corn samples. Aflatoxins
B1 and B2 were produced by (12/18 isolates of A.
parasiticus, 88.2-126.8 μg g-1 corn), while aflatoxins
B1, B2, G1 and G2 (13/29 isolates
of A. flavus, 48.2-146.4) in addition to (2/18 isolates of A.
flavo-furcatis, 28.6 and 36.2). This is the first report on aflatoxin
production by A. flavo-furcatis. F. tricinctum, F. oysporum
and F. equiseti were the dominant Fusarium species on
5 corn samples contaminated by microcyclic tricothecenes. T-2
toxin (15/20 isolates, 24.4-130.2 μg g-1 corn), diacetoxyscirpenol
(18/20 isolates, 46.8-122.6) and zearalenone (17/20 isolates, 44.6-124.2)
were produced by the previous Fusarium species (10, 5 and 5 isolates),
respectively. Roridin E (8.2-38.6 μg g-1 corn) was produced
as a macrocyclic trichothecene by four toxic isolates of Myrothecium
roridum and unidentified toxic factor was produced by four toxic
isolates of Acremonium strictum. Also, the effect of sodium chloride
on mycotoxins synthesis was studied. This is the first report on mycotoxins
and mycoflora contamination of Libyan corn.
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