Abstract: Aristolochia indica L. (Aristolochiaceae) has long been used in Indian subcontinent in the traditional system of medicine to treat cholera, fever, bowel troubles, ulcers, leprosy, skin diseases, menstrual problems and snakebites. The plant is also used as emmenagogue, abortifacient, antineoplastic, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antipyretic, antifertility and antispermatogenic agent. Aristolochic acid, a major active constituent of the plant is reported to cause cancer, nephropathy, sister chromatid exchange and is a potent abortifacient. The present review deals with the different scientific studies and reports available in different aspects of this plant in the areas of Morpho-taxonomy, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Medicoethnobotany, Tissue culture and Chromosomal study.
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